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Nitrofurantoin

What is nitrofurantoin?

Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic that fights bacteria in the body.
Nitrofurantoin is used to treat urinary tract infections.

Before taking this medicine

You should not take nitrofurantoin if you are allergic to it, or if you have:
  • severe kidney disease;
  • a history of jaundice or liver problems caused by taking nitrofurantoin;
  • if you are urinating less than usual or not at all; or
  • if you are in the last 2 to 4 weeks of pregnancy.
Do not take nitrofurantoin if you are in the last 2 to 4 weeks of pregnancy.
To make sure nitrofurantoin is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have:
  • kidney disease;
  • anemia;
  • diabetes;
  • an electrolyte imbalance or vitamin B deficiency;
  • glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency; or
  • any type of debilitating disease.

Usual Adult Dose for Cystitis

Regular release: 50 to 100 mg orally 4 times a day for 1 week or for at least 3 days after urine sterility is obtained
Dual release: 100 mg orally twice a day for 7 days

Comment:
-This drug should be given with food to improve drug absorption and, in some patients, tolerance.

Use: Cystitis

Usual Adult Dose for Cystitis Prophylaxis

Regular release: 50 to 100 mg orally once a day at bedtime

Comments:
-This drug should be given with food to improve drug absorption and, in some patients, tolerance.
-Patients receiving long-term therapy should be monitored periodically for changes in renal function.

Use: Cystitis prophylaxis

Usual Pediatric Dose for Cystitis

Regular release:
1 month or older: 5 to 7 mg/kg/day (up to 400 mg/day) orally in 4 divided doses for 1 week or for at least 3 days after urine sterility is obtained

Dual release:
Greater than 12 years: 100 mg orally twice a day for 7 days for 1 week or for at least 3 days after urine sterility is obtained

Comment:
-This drug should be given with food to improve drug absorption and, in some patients, tolerance.

Use: Cystitis

Usual Pediatric Dose for Cystitis Prophylaxis

Regular release:
1 month or older: Doses as low as 1 mg/kg/day (up to 100 mg/day) orally in 1 to 2 divided doses may be adequate

Comments:
-This drug should be given with food to improve drug absorption and, in some patients, tolerance.
-Patients receiving long-term therapy should be monitored periodically for changes in renal function.

Use: Cystitis prophylaxis

Renal Dose Adjustments

-CrCl 60 mL/min or more: No adjustment recommended
-Anuria, oliguria, or significant renal insufficiency (CrCl less than 60 mL/min or significantly elevated creatinine): Contraindicated

Liver Dose Adjustments

This drug undergoes hepatic elimination; a dosage reduction may be necessary for patients with hepatic dysfunction.

Nitrofurantoin side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction to nitrofurantoin: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

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